HOROWITZ, SAMUEL SHMELKE OF NIKOLSBURG
- HOROWITZ, SAMUEL SHMELKE OF NIKOLSBURG
- HOROWITZ, SAMUEL SHMELKE OF NIKOLSBURG (1726–1778), rabbi and
kabbalist in Poland and Galicia. Samuel was the elder brother of
Phinehas b. Ẓevi Hirsch Horowitz and in their youth both were
among the disciples of dov baer the Maggid of Mezhirech. Samuel,
who did much to spread Ḥasidism in Poland and Galicia, served as a rabbi
in several towns there: Rychwal, 1754, and Sieniawa, 1766; from 1773 he
officiated in Nikolsburg (Mikulov), Moravia, first as av bet
din and later as rabbi of the province. This last appointment gave
rise to bitter opposition, but Empress maria theresa confirmed him
in office by virtue of his Ḥasidism and Orthodoxy, "even though he does
not know German and is not versed in the laws of the land." Samuel is
considered one of the pioneers of Ḥasidism, of whom miraculous stories
are related in ḥasidic legend. In fact, however, he did not wholly
accept the Ḥasidism taught by Israel b. Eliezer Ba'al Shem Tov .
Though he surrounded himself with young scholars and educated them in
Ḥasidism, Samuel was an ascetic who remained in his home and kept
people at a distance. An undertone of protest against the prevailing
atmosphere of folly and levity among the Ḥasidim can be discerned in his
teachings. Among his works are Divrei Shemu'el (1862), which
contains homiletic and kabbalistic commentaries and novellae on
Bava Batra and on the laws on festivals in Oraḥ
Ḥayyim; and Nezir ha-Shem (1869), which includes
novellae on the Shulhan Arukh, Even ha-Ezer. Samuel took part
in the literary controversy over Ḥasidism requesting that the rabbis of
Brody refrain from imposing the Vilna ban on Ḥasidism and discount the
accusations that Ḥasidim opposed tradition.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Israel of Slutsk, Sefer Vikku'aḥ (1798), 18; A. Walden, in:
Shem ha-Gedolim he-Ḥadash (1864), 70–71; M. Bieber,
Yalkut Menaḥem (1903), 14–18; A.H.S.B. Michaelsohn,
Shemen ha-Tov (1905); Dubnow, Ḥasidut, 81, 125; I.Z. Kahana,
in: Arim ve-Immahot be-Yisrael, 4 (1950), 279–80; D.
Feuchtwang, in: Gedenkbuch zur Erinnerung an D. Kaufmann
(1900), 380; W. Mueller, Urkundliche Beitraege zur Geschichte der
maehrischen Judenschaft (1903), 160; M. Buber, Tales of the
Ḥasidim (1964), 182–94; Horodezky, Ḥasidut, index.
(Avraham Rubinstein)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
Look at other dictionaries:
HOROWITZ, ẒEVI JOSHUA BEN SAMUEL SHMELKE — (1735?–1816), East European rabbi. Horowitz appears to have been born in Nikolsburg. He married the daughter of phinehas ha levi horowitz , author of the Hafla ah. From 1781 to 1786 he was rabbi of Jamnitz, Moravia, from 1786–1800 in Trebitsch… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
HOROWITZ, PINCHAS DAVID HA-LEVI — (1876–1941), U.S. rabbi and founder of Bostoner Ḥasidism. Born in Jerusalem, he was the son of R. Samuel Shmelke Horowitz (c. 1862–1898), a founder of Ḥasidism in Jerusalem and fifth generation descendant of R. Samuel Shmelke of Nikolsburg. After … Encyclopedia of Judaism
HOROWITZ, PHINEHAS (Pinhas) BEN ẒEVI HIRSCH HA-LEVI — (1730–1805), German rabbi. Horowitz was born in Czortkow, Poland, where his father was rabbi. He studied first under his father and then under his two brothers, Nahum (introduction to the Shevet Aḥim) and samuel shmelke horowitz , later rabbi of… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
ḤASIDISM — ḤASIDISM, a popular religious movement giving rise to a pattern of communal life and leadership as well as a particular social outlook which emerged in Judaism and Jewry in the second half of the 18th century. Ecstasy, mass enthusiasm, close knit … Encyclopedia of Judaism
MOSES LEIB OF SASOV — (1745–1807), ḥasidic rabbi. He was a pupil of samuel shmelke horowitz of Nikolsburg, dov baer the maggid of mezhirech , and elimelech of lyzhansk . He spent 13 years studying both Torah and Kabbalah under Samuel Shmelke who was then rabbi in… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
JACOB ISAAC HA-ḤOZEH MI-LUBLIN — (1745–1815), ḥasidic ẓaddik known by the epithet Ha Ḥozeh mi Lublin ( the Seer of Lublin ). Jacob Isaac was born in Lukow, the son of Abraham Eliezer ha Levi, the rabbi of Jozefow, a descendent of Isaiah ben abraham ha levi horowitz (Ha Shelah).… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
LEVI ISAAC BEN MEIR OF BERDICHEV — (c. 1740–1810), ḥasidic ḥaddik and rabbi; one of the most famous personalities in the third generation of the ḥasidic movement. Levi Isaac was born into a distinguished rabbinic family and his father was rabbi in Hoshakov (Galicia). After… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
KALLO, YIẒḤAK ISAAC — (of Taub, 1751–1821), rabbi and ḥasidic admor in Hungary. According to legend his talents were recognized by aryeh leib sarahs and the latter sent him to be educated by samuel shmelke horowitz of Nikolsburg, who was his teacher in Talmud as well… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
KOZIENICE, ISRAEL BEN SHABBETAI HAPSTEIN — (1733–1814), ḥasidic ẓaddik and preacher, born in Apta; one of the first propagators of Ḥasidism in Congress Poland. His teachers were Samuel Shmelke horowitz of Nikolsburg, dov baer the Maggid of Mezhirech, elimelech of Lyzhansk, and levi isaac… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
